The first round collected 142 developments that Millennium Project participants judged to have important future implications, that were either largely unrecognized or seriously misunderstood. In the second round, the participants were asked to judge the developments' likelihood, importance, and the agencies that might be instrumental in addressing the development. Additional developments were also suggested during Round 2, extending the list to 182 items.
This is the third round and the results. It is composed of 15 issues synthesized from developments rated the most important and likely by participants in Round 2. Following a brief description of each item is a list of actions. Both the descriptions and suggested actions were drawn from participants' input and augmented by staff research.
The questionnaire focused on actions that might be taken to address crucial global issues. The participants were asked to judge the effectiveness and practicality of suggested actions, and recommend what agency should lead each action, and to suggest additional actions. The results were used in a series of interviews with leaders in the United Nations system, governments, corporations, and NGOs as the forth and final round of the 1996 Global Look-Out Study.
The following scales were used:
1. Policy effectiveness
1 = Almost certain to avoid the problem or capture the opportunity
2 = Likely to help avoid the problem or capture the opportunity
3 = No effect
4 = Likely to intensify the problem or loose the opportunity
5 = Almost certain to intensify the problem or loose the opportunity
2. Policy practicality
1 = Certainly practical, everybody wins
2 = Relatively easy to do
3 = Moderately difficult
4 = Tough to do but not impossible, possible
5 = Couldn't be done
3. Agency or group that should lead the action
1 = Individuals or small groups with common interests.
2 = Governments and government agencies
3 = Non-governmental organizations
4 = Corporations
5 = United Nations
6 = Not clear
7 = Other
The following tabulation is the result of Round 3 answers rated by effectiveness and practicality.
The numbers listed under each type of organization were literally the number of participants who agreed that that respective sector should lead the action (Round 3 involved 97 participants altogether).
The 15 issues and actions rated in Round 3, along with the tabulation itself, is listed below:
The following are the 15 issues that comprised Round 3.
Issue
1. World population is at its peak and growing; food, water, education,
housing, medical care must grow apace.
Issue
2. Fresh water is becoming scarce in localized areas of the world.
Issue
3. The gap in living standards between the rich and poor promises to become
more extreme and divisive.
Issue
4. The Threat of New and Re-emerging Diseases and Immune Micro-organisms.
Issue
5. Diminishing capacity to decide (as issues become more global and complex
under conditions of increasing uncertainty and risk).
Issue
6. Terrorism is growing in intensity, scale, and threat.
Issue
7. Adverse interactions between the growth of population and economic growth
with environmental quality and natural resources.
Issue
8. The changing status of women.
Issue
9. Increasing severity of religious, ethnic, and racial conflicts.
Issue
10. Information Technology's Promise and Perils.
Issue
11. Organized crime groups becoming sophisticated global enterprises.
Issue
12. Consequences of Economic Growth.
Issue
13. Aging Nuclear Power Plants.
Issue
14. The HIV epidemic will continue to spread.
Issue
15. Changing Work, Unemployment, Leisure, and Underemployment.
The following are the actions for each issue:
Issue 1. World population is at its
peak and growing; food, water, education, housing, medical care must grow
apace.
1.1. Establish coordinated global efforts and financial incentives
directed toward increased contraceptive use.
1.2. Increase the level of social marketing programs that teach family
planning.
1.3. Encourage research and development of new long term male and female
contraceptives.
1.4. Encourage programs that endorse voluntary sterilization.
1.5. Anticipate the population growth and expedite conservation programs
for agriculture, food, water and resources, such as educational campaigns
and heavy taxes on meat consumption.
1.6. Establish many micro credit mechanisms to promote loans in Third
World countries to women to establish new businesses.
1.7. Encourage development of high yield, sustainable agriculture,
particularly through biotechnology.
1.8. Invest in rural/urban marking and distribution systems so that
rural produce can get to urban markets.
1.9. Promote growth of non traditional crops with export potential
in developing countries.
Issue 2. Fresh water is becoming scarce
in localized areas of the world.
2.1. Secure treaties and cooperative agreements on water rights between
nations that share water resources before shortages occur.
2.2. Develop water trading and marketing practices that allow users
and managers to better allocate scarce supplies and fund conservation.
2.3. Begin immediate research and development programs to produce means
for producing inexpensive fresh water from salt water.
2.4. Encourage further development of plant strains and agricultural
practices that uses salt or brackish water for irrigation, and/or are drought
hearty.
2.5. Establish a World Water Agency to develop and expedite new water
technology and water extraction and collection projects.
2.6. Establish water conservation policies and incentives to improve
efficiency of water use.
Issue 3. The gap in living standards
between the rich and poor promises to become more extreme and divisive.
3.1. Establish a means by which deeply indebted countries could declare
bankruptcy.
3.2. Create and implement a new kind of "Global Marshall Plan" as a
partnership or collaboration between high income countries and those with
less industrial and entrepreneurial cultures.
3.3. Create a new foreign exchange as a public utility, owned by central
banks and The UN.
3.4. Permit the IMF to issue new SDRs (Special Drawing Rights) to reduce
developing country debt.
3.5. Create a "Global Securities and Exchange Commission" to help tame
currency markets.
3.6. Expand micro-credit mechanisms with banks, NGOs, and international
financial institutions to accelerate development of small scale businesses.
3.7. Encourage low-income countries to include entrepreneurial skills
and business math in public education curriculum.
3.8. Create international computerized barter exchanges, enabling those
with resources but little money to participate in trade.
3.9. Create low cost, hand held computers with direct satellite access
for low income regions to access educational software & telephony with
elementary literacy as first priority.
3.10. Create toll free numbers and computer networks for people from
low income countries who now live in high income countries for matching
their skills with development needs in their original country.
3.11. Provide low cost computer communications equipment and training
to schools, libraries, business, and hospitals in low income areas.
3.12. Encourage Third World countries to establish policies that limit
their "brain drain."
3.13. Increase effort to promote free trade among developed and developing
countries.
3.14. Study feasibility of a global tax structure that is unbiased
between rich and poor countries.
3.15. Give more official development aid to NGOs.
Issue 4. The Threat of
New and Re-emerging Diseases and Immune Micro-organisms.
4.1. Strengthen and expand the global network of WHO collaborating
laboratories to create an effective global surveillance system for emerging
viruses and infections.
4.2. Create a rapid medical deployment capacity to respond to outbreaks
of infectious disease with the epidemic potential.
4.3. Training, credit, and technical assistance for small and micro
economic development to improve economic development in poorer countries
and thus improve the standard of living.
4.4. Strengthen the funding and capability of such agencies as CDC,
USAID, WHO and other international technical agencies in order to better
collaborate with countries in strengthening national disease surveillance
and control systems.
4.5. Intensify programs that are designed to delay or slow urbanization.
4.6. Focus international attention and funding on those diseases that
have been targeted by the World Health Assembly for eradication or elimination
as public health problems (polio, measles, guinea worm and leprosy).
4.7. Increase funding and technical support for the Global Programme
on Vaccines to ensure maximum coverage is obtained with existing antigens
and that research and development is intensified for other possible vaccines
(such as for malaria).
4.8. Initiate intensified research into second generation antibiotics.
4.9. Increase funding for safe water supply projects.
Issue 5. Diminishing capacity
to decide (as issues become more global and complex under conditions of
increasing uncertainty and risk).
5.1. Integrate "how to learn" into education systems and professional
training programs, establishing that it is a prerequisite to learn anything
technically or socially complex.
5.2. Integrate futures, creative, and non linear thinking into the
educational systems.
5.3. Introduce new forms of notation to represent evolving complex
concepts, including uncertainty and risk, that can be used by the public.
5.4. Complete the human genome project and related brain research projects,
apply the new knowledge to understanding of brain reasoning and decision
processes and ultimately enhance the brain's ability for complex reasoning.
5.5. Celebrate those cultural stories and myths that make basic discovery
exciting and promotes experimentation.
5.6. Teach effective decision making, including the moral basis for
decisions, the nature of risk, and dealing with uncertainly.
5.7. Expand research into nonlinear modeling of social systems.
Issue 6. Terrorism is growing
in intensity, scale, and threat.
6.1. At least double the amount of funding devoted to detection, capture
and punishment of terrorists; perhaps shifting funds from conventional
military to anti-terrorism.
6.2. At least double the amount of funding devoted to protection against
terrorists acts, such as airport security.
6.3. Establish an open forum for discussion of issues that enflame
terrorists.
6.4. Toughen world wide penalties for convicted terrorists, including
mandatory death sentences.
6.5. Tighten laws, regulations, and inspections associated with security
of nuclear stocks.
6.6. Develop protection strategies for biological attack.
6.7. Destroy existing stockpiles of biological weapons.
6.8. Expand coordination/cooperation of information and early warning,
apprehension, and punishment of terrorists among nations that might not
normally cooperate.
6.9. Create social marking programs that promote respect and tolerance
for ethnic and other forms of diversity.
6.10. Plan to build resilience and redundancies into socio-technical
systems to avoid possible catastrophic disruptions (including electronic
infrastructures from info-terrorism).
Issue 7. Adverse interactions
between the growth of population and economic growth with environmental
quality and natural resources.
7.1. Initiate higher tariffs or taxes on polluting products or technologies,
with the revenues collected to be used to subsidize the acquisition of
environmentally safe technologies. By the same token, reduce import tariffs
on environmentally sound technologies, goods, and equipment.
7.2. Establish an international technology bank, funded by country
pledges, that could acquire the rights to innovative, green technologies
so as to make them easily available to environmentally less advantaged
countries.
7.3. Encourage placement of labels on all consumer products and open
information that indicates whether they have been produced in a sustainable
manner ("Eco Labeling").
7.4. Include environmental costs in the pricing of natural resources
and products.
7.5. Emphasize programs that promote population dispersion and slow
urbanization; this includes locating new production plants in the countryside.
7.6. Encourage nations, perhaps through treaties to abolish environmentally
inefficient subsidies.
7.7. Continue to support and promote all modes of family planning by
subsidizing and distributing contraceptives, promoting programs to improve
health care, diminish infant mortality, improve literacy, and involve women
in the monetary economy, etc.
7.8. Tradeable pollution permits that fix global emission limits for
countries or industrial sectors.
7.9. Establish a system of national accounts that includes the economic
impacts of the depletion of natural resources (include consideration of
the Genuine Progress Indicator).
Issue 8. The changing status
of women.
8.1. Enact and enforce legislation in all nations to guarantee the
rights of women (including property rights), and adopt and implement laws
against gender based discrimination in employment
8.2. Establish programs that inform men and women of women's rights
under international conventions and national law.
8.3. Develop policies and programs that promote equitable distribution
of resources within the household.
8.4. Restructure and target the allocation of public expenditures to
promote women's access to family planning resources
8.5. Enhance women's access to credit.
8.6. Increase emphasis on programs designed to reduce female illiteracy
rate; especially among rural, migrant, refugee, internally displaced and
disabled women.
8.7. Encourage programs that provide support for child care and other
services to mothers.
8.8. Ensure women's involvement in decision making relating to HIV/AIDS
and other sexually transmitted disease, facilitate the development of strategies
to protect women from HIV and other STDs, and ensure the provision of affordable
preventive services for STDs and HIV/AIDS.
8.9. Increase funding for health care and social services.
8.10. Ratify and enforce international treaties on trafficking and
slavery.
8.11. Promote research and implementation of an information strategy
for ensuring a balanced portrayal of women in the media.
8.12. Establish direct links between and among national, regional and
international bodies dealing with women's status and advancement.
Issue 9. Increasing severity
of religious, ethnic, and racial conflicts.
9.1. Conduct more research projects designed to uncover the causes
of collective violence.
9.2. Establish early warning system to identify cultural, ethnic, and
religions issues and trends that might lead to conflict.
9.3. Identify most likely next conflicts (e.g. Africa, West and Central
Asia) and facilitate mediation between the groups involved.
9.4. Establish political priority for ensuring human rights and dignity.
9.5. Establish international crime tribunals with enforcement power
to punish those convicted of atrocious collective and communal violence.
9.6. Increase economic development (especially micro enterprise credit
and training).
9.7. Seek means for including the views of dissident groups into the
legitimate political processes of their countries
9.8. Increase funding for social marketing of respect and tolerance
for diversity.
9.9. Redraw political boundaries so that cultural communities can keep
their ethnic, racial, or religious identities.
9.10. Enable the UN to have a standing military force to intervene
in a more timely fashion to prevent, quiet, or end ethnic, religious, and
racial wars.
9.11. Re adjustment of school curricula to emphasize compassionate
behavior and socially acceptable values such as tolerance for diversity.
9.12. Application of mass tranquilizers and other non lethal weapons
to enable third party to disarm warring groups.
9.13. Increase funding for training and technical assistance in governance
and mediation especially in trouble spots.
Issue 10. Information Technology's
Promise and Perils.
10.1. Use the ITU or establish a new UN agency (which might include
private sector) to regulate Internet and future similar systems to promote
their application toward human development, especially for raising the
standard of living in the developing countries.
10.2. Encourage a hands off posture toward the regulation of the content
and use of international networks such as the Internet.
10.3. Promote policies that expand network capabilities and tend to
help avoid communications overload.
10.4. Recognize potential impacts of information technologies on employment
and institute large scale job and entrepreneurial training for emergent
or growing economic activities.
10.5. Create an on going global forum to freely explore the potentials
of the emerging world of cyberspace.
10.6. Create incentives for foreign investors to accelerate the introduction
of computer communications and related equipment to developing countries
and facilitate the use of global networks.
10.7. Develop computers and software adapted for Third World and non
western cultures.
10.8. Develop systems to protect children and some other people's right
not to be exposed to unwanted information.
10.9. Abandon or at least regulate to its minimum level intellectual
property rights so that information can be more efficiently shared and
utilized.
10.10. Strengthen international property rights to encourage development
of information technology products that can be marketed in developing countries.
10.11. Change medical and education laws to accommodate on line consultation
as legitimate and covered by insurance.
10.12. Provide more free Internet access to the public, e.g. at public
libraries and schools.
10.13. Promote tele-national citizenship (Third World people who live
and work in First World but help develop their countries via tele commuting).
Issue 11. Organized crime groups
becoming sophisticated global enterprises.
11.1. Accelerate efforts to develop software to detect international
computer based fraud and train in its use.
11.2. Complete an international set of agreements for tracking and
arresting international criminals (including data exchange and personnel
consultancy)
11.3. Establish budget and training programs among G 7 countries for
foreign counterparts with special attention to newly emerging democracies
and Eastern European countries and increase the number of case specific
international training seminars in order to provide more practical training
for officers.
11.4. Develop international criminal law and establish world criminal
court with enforcement powers.
11.5. Establish global dialogues on human values and morals to continue
over several decades via television, Internet, shortwave radio, interactive
games, etc., to identify and acknowledge global ethics, encompassing responsible
behavior and caring for others.
11.6. Establish international early warning systems focusing on potential
emerging crime threats.
11.7. Plan to build resilience and redundancies into socio technical
systems to avoid possible catastrophic disruptions.
11.8. Address new crime areas such as illegal waste disposal, theft
of nuclear materials, human organ and arms traffic, and sabotage of information
networks.
Issue 12. Consequences of Economic
Growth.
12.1. Greatly increase R&D to quadruple energy productivity within
30 50 years, i.e., the output in energy services per primary energy input.
12.2. Increase national and international efforts at building communities
that provide models of sustainable economic development.
12.3. Develop economically sophisticated theory and democratic institutions
that prevent economic excesses, and protect people's rights to make their
own cultural and political choices with minimum negative impact on economic
growth.
12.4. Increase awareness of the dangers associated with monopolies
created by political and economic groups among the media and public.
12.5. Achieve a better balance of energy sources by implementing a
full cost accounting for external and environmental effects and impacts.
12.6. Create taxes or fees for the most environmentally damaging activities.
12.7. Encourage decreases in consumption by industrialized countries.
Issue 13. Aging Nuclear Power
Plants.
13.1. Establish international programs to build a trust fund to finance
the dismantling of dangerous plants (Chernobyl type).
13.2. Search for a breakthrough that would make use of the radioactive
materials that are available at decommissioning.
13.3. Encourage the development of plasma torch and other technologies
for the transmutation or destruction of dangerous radioactive materials.
13.4. Include in electricity pricing the cost of dismantling and storage
of radioactive materials.
13.5. Wait for robots to be developed that will avoid part of the risks
to humans in decommissioning.
13.6. Increase funding for development of alternate generation sources
for electricity base loading.
Issue 14. The HIV epidemic
will continue to spread.
14.1. At least double the amount of funding devoted to scientific research
on HIV and AIDS.
14.2. At least double the amount of funding devoted to education and
public persuasion to use safe sex.
14.3. Establish free condom programs in all countries in which the
disease is spreading.
14.4. Require HIV examinations in risky countries and among high risk
groups.
14.5. Search for and notification to partners of HIV positive people.
14.6. Establish programs that focus on the rights of women.
14.7. Restrict international travel of people infected with HIV.
Issue 15. Changing Work, Unemployment,
Leisure, and Underemployment.
15.1. Apply information/communication technologies in developing countries
in ways that improve productivity in small low level popular communities.
15.2. Build incentives into the system to promote education. For example,
Japan improves the technological literacy of its populace by offering incentives
(such as overnight electronic transfer of tax refunds to those citizens
who file their income tax statements electronically).
15.3. Promote public/private funding of research and development in
distance learning technologies.
15.4. Fund programs that use the emerging information technologies
and implications of cognitive science for designing learning environments,
and achieving educational/training goals.
15.5. Create toll free telephone numbers and computer networks to match
demand and supply of labor between the developing, newly developed, and
developed nations.
15.6. Government funding and marketing of low cost computer communications
in schools, libraries, businesses, hospitals, etc.
15.7. Initiate some major projects in the social sciences to understand
the meaning and purpose of work as a desire and source of meaning in various
parts of the world.
15.8. Foster technologies that permit developing countries to increase
their output (but not their productivity) so that both employment and output
increases.
15.9. Establish international programs of retraining to help avoid
technological obsolescence.
15.10. Initiate programs everywhere that use constructive uses for
leisure like Habitat for Humanity and the Peace Corps.
15.11. Require young people everywhere to perform two years of community
service.
Issue 1. World population is at its peak and growing; food, water, education, housing, medical care must grow apace.
| Action | Effect | Pract. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 1.1 | 2.08 | 2.06 | 3 | 21 | 18 | 2 | 14 | 1 | 0 |
| 1.2 | 1.98 | 2.38 | 0 | 18 | 31 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 1 |
| 1.3 | 1.92 | 2.41 | 1 | 21 | 6 | 24 | 6 | 2 | 0 |
| 1.4 | 2.57 | 3.43 | 8 | 20 | 12 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 1 |
| 1.5 | 2.31 | 3.07 | 2 | 38 | 11 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 0 |
| 1.6 | 2.16 | 2.77 | 5 | 22 | 21 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
| 1.7 | 1.94 | 2.48 | 4 | 26 | 13 | 14 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| 1.8 | 2.31 | 2.78 | 5 | 29 | 7 | 10 | 5 | 4 | 0 |
| 1.9 | 2.44 | 2.80 | 1 | 20 | 12 | 17 | 7 | 4 | 1 |
2 Fresh water is becoming scarce in localized areas of the world.
| Action | Effect. | Pract. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 1.1 | 2.06 | 2.90 | 0 | 30 | 3 | 0 | 17 | 1 | 0 |
| 1.2 | 1.98 | 2.78 | 7 | 25 | 2 | 13 | 5 | 2 | 0 |
| 1.3 | 1.86 | 3.14 | 3 | 18 | 4 | 23 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
| 1.4 | 1.94 | 3.04 | 3 | 23 | 7 | 16 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 1.5 | 2.27 | 3.07 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 30 | 4 | 0 |
| 1.6 | 1.70 | 2.36 | 4 | 35 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 0 |
3 The gap in living standards between the rich and poor promises to become more extreme and divisive.
| Action | Effect. | Pract. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 3.1 | 3.18 | 3.58 | 0 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 19 | 9 | 0 |
| 3.2 | 1.98 | 3.22 | 0 | 26 | 4 | 2 | 25 | 3 | 0 |
| 3.3 | 3.10 | 3.69 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 3 | 21 | 8 | 1 |
| 3.4 | 2.33 | 2.79 | 0 | 20 | 3 | 2 | 20 | 1 | 0 |
| 3.5 | 2.83 | 3.19 | 0 | 15 | 2 | 2 | 16 | 5 | 0 |
| 3.6 | 1.76 | 2.04 | 5 | 18 | 19 | 13 | 9 | 0 | 2 |
| 3.7 | 2.03 | 2.00 | 3 | 31 | 13 | 4 | 12 | 2 | 0 |
| 3.8 | 2.52 | 3.02 | 3 | 12 | 5 | 12 | 9 | 3 | 1 |
| 3.9 | 2.20 | 2.93 | 1 | 9 | 11 | 17 | 9 | 6 | 1 |
| 3.10 | 2.14 | 2.28 | 2 | 19 | 6 | 12 | 9 | 5 | 1 |
| 3.11 | 2.03 | 2.16 | 3 | 23 | 16 | 16 | 12 | 0 | 1 |
| 3.12 | 2.20 | 2.96 | 1 | 28 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 3 | 0 |
| 3.13 | 2.32 | 2.85 | 0 | 30 | 5 | 5 | 17 | 2 | 1 |
| 3.14 | 2.63 | 3.64 | 0 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 23 | 6 | 1 |
| 3.15 | 2.19 | 2.48 | 0 | 20 | 7 | 0 | 9 | 6 | 1 |
Issue 4. The Threat of New and Re-emerging Diseases and Immune Micro-organisms.
| Action | Effect. | Pract. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 4.1 | 1.71 | 1.95 | 0 | 12 | 4 | 1 | 27 | 0 | 1 |
| 4.2 | 1.85 | 2.41 | 3 | 18 | 5 | 2 | 19 | 2 | 1 |
| 4.3 | 2.08 | 2.76 | 1 | 15 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 5 | 1 |
| 4.4 | 1.86 | 2.19 | 0 | 22 | 6 | 4 | 14 | 1 | 1 |
| 4.5 | 2.72 | 4.09 | 0 | 19 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 0 |
| 4.6 | 1.97 | 2.31 | 0 | 13 | 6 | 0 | 20 | 1 | 0 |
| 4.7 | 1.73 | 2.32 | 2 | 19 | 8 | 5 | 19 | 3 | 0 |
| 4.8 | 2.00 | 2.43 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 18 | 6 | 1 | 0 |
| 4.9 | 1.73 | 2.40 | 3 | 31 | 7 | 3 | 11 | 1 | 0 |
Issue 5. Diminishing capacity to decide (as issues become more global and complex under conditions of increasing uncertainty and risk).
| Action | Effect. | Pract. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 5.1 | 1.71 | 2.29 | 11 | 34 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 0 |
| 5.2 | 1.73 | 2.43 | 10 | 33 | 13 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 0 |
| 5.3 | 2.31 | 3.04 | 10 | 17 | 13 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 0 |
| 5.4 | 2.36 | 3.26 | 8 | 14 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 2 |
| 5.5 | 2.34 | 2.05 | 19 | 7 | 11 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 1 |
| 5.6 | 1.86 | 2.33 | 11 | 28 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 0 |
| 5.7 | 2.02 | 2.44 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 7 | 3 | 7 | 0 |
Issue 6. Terrorism is growing in intensity, scale, and threat.
| Action | Effect. | Pract. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 6.1 | 2.03 | 2.60 | 0 | 36 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
| 6.2 | 1.92 | 2.35 | 0 | 33 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| 6.3 | 2.29 | 2.05 | 6 | 9 | 15 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 0 |
| 6.4 | 2.53 | 2.68 | 0 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 2 | 0 |
| 6.5 | 1.74 | 2.47 | 0 | 28 | 1 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 0 |
| 6.6 | 2.03 | 2.95 | 1 | 28 | 2 | 0 | 11 | 2 | 0 |
| 6.7 | 1.68 | 2.95 | 0 | 30 | 1 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0 |
| 6.8 | 1.89 | 2.97 | 0 | 28 | 2 | 1 | 18 | 2 | 0 |
| 6.9 | 1.98 | 2.44 | 5 | 13 | 18 | 1 | 9 | 3 | 0 |
| 6.10 | 2.13 | 2.77 | 2 | 22 | 6 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
Issue 7. Adverse interactions between the growth of population and economic growth with environmental quality and natural resources.
| Action | Effect | Pract. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 7.1 | 1074 | 2.80 | 0 | 40 | 2 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 0 |
| 7.2 | 1.83 | 2.74 | 1 | 14 | 9 | 4 | 24 | 1 | 1 |
| 7.3 | 2.06 | 2.29 | 2 | 25 | 6 | 16 | 5 | 1 | 0 |
| 7.4 | 1.70 | 2.60 | 3 | 25 | 3 | 15 | 5 | 3 | 0 |
| 7.5 | 2.29 | 3.09 | 1 | 30 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 0 |
| 7.6 | 2.14 | 3.11 | 1 | 29 | 4 | 1 | 22 | 2 | 0 |
| 7.7 | 1.88 | 2.63 | 6 | 24 | 20 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 0 |
| 7.8 | 2.11 | 3.04 | 1 | 25 | 4 | 3 | 20 | 3 | 0 |
| 7.9 | 1.93 | 2.62 | 2 | 29 | 4 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 0 |
Issue 8. The changing status of women.
| Action | Effect | Pract. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 8.1 | 1.89 | 2.93 | 2 | 34 | 5 | 1 | 18 | 0 | 0 |
| 8.2 | 2.20 | 2.33 | 6 | 21 | 15 | 1 | 24 | 2 | 0 |
| 8.3 | 2.55 | 3.36 | 9 | 22 | 7 | 0 | 6 | 7 | 0 |
| 8.4 | 2.12 | 2.70 | 3 | 30 | 9 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| 8.5 | 2.00 | 2.51 | 3 | 19 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 0 |
| 8.6 | 1.69 | 2.38 | 3 | 23 | 21 | 3 | 13 | 0 | 0 |
| 8.7 | 1.76 | 2.26 | 5 | 26 | 16 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 0 |
| 8.8 | 1.95 | 2.60 | 6 | 23 | 16 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 0 |
| 8.9 | 1.90 | 2.73 | 0 | 34 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
| 8.10 | 1.86 | 2.53 | 0 | 28 | 3 | 1 | 17 | 2 | 0 |
| 8.11 | 2.15 | 2.74 | 11 | 10 | 18 | 5 | 9 | 2 | 1 |
| 8.12 | 1.88 | 2.05 | 3 | 14 | 23 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 0 |
Issue 9. Increasing severity of religious, ethnic, and racial conflicts.
| Action | Effect | Pract. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corpor. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 9.1 | 2.25 | 2.85 | 10 | 9 | 21 | 0 | 9 | 3 | 0 |
| 9.2 | 1.96 | 2.55 | 7 | 13 | 13 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 0 |
| 9.3 | 1.89 | 2.64 | 6 | 10 | 15 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 |
| 9.4 | 2.00 | 3.00 | 1 | 19 | 9 | 0 | 18 | 1 | 0 |
| 9.5 | 2.32 | 3.23 | 0 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 28 | 4 | 0 |
| 9.6 | 2.15 | 2.62 | 6 | 18 | 11 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 0 |
| 9.7 | 2.08 | 3.13 | 6 | 16 | 11 | 2 | 12 | 2 | 0 |
| 9.8 | 2.03 | 2.74 | 3 | 10 | 17 | 0 | 10 | 3 | 0 |
| 9.9 | 2.59 | 3.87 | 0 | 20 | 5 | 0 | 13 | 6 | 0 |
| 9.10 | 2.14 | 3.26 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 26 | 1 | 0 |
| 9.11 | 1.81 | 2.38 | 4 | 27 | 10 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| 9.12 | 3.09 | 3.61 | 0 | 12 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 10 | 0 |
| 9.13 | 2.18 | 2.77 | 2 | 13 | 11 | 2 | 11 | 2 | 0 |
Issue 10. Information Technology's Promise and Perils.
| Action | Effect. | Pract. | Individ. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 10.1 | 2.57 | 2.95 | 0 | 14 | 5 | 3 | 25 | 3 | 0 |
| 10.2 | 2.37 | 2.52 | 4 | 20 | 4 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 0 |
| 10.3 | 1.84 | 2.40 | 5 | 13 | 5 | 20 | 4 | 5 | 0 |
| 10.4 | 2.00 | 2.33 | 1 | 20 | 13 | 13 | 9 | 3 | 0 |
| 10.5 | 1.98 | 1.98 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 6 | 15 | 5 | 0 |
| 10.6 | 1.83 | 2.33 | 0 | 20 | 7 | 17 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| 10.7 | 2.12 | 2.44 | 2 | 9 | 6 | 26 | 7 | 5 | 0 |
| 10.8 | 2.02 | 2.69 | 6 | 19 | 7 | 16 | 8 | 1 | 1 |
| 10.9 | 2.64 | 3.23 | 1 | 25 | 3 | 4 | 15 | 6 | 0 |
| 10.10 | 2.29 | 2.76 | 2 | 16 | 5 | 9 | 11 | 1 | 0 |
| 10.11 | 2.10 | 2.78 | 1 | 25 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 0 |
| 10.12 | 1.66 | 1.96 | 4 | 32 | 12 | 9 | 5 | 1 | 0 |
| 10.13 | 2.23 | 2.50 | 6 | 15 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
Issue 11. Organized crime groups becoming sophisticated global enterprises.
| Action | Effect. | Practic. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 11.1 | 2.00 | 2.70 | 4 | 14 | 2 | 11 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
| 11.2 | 1.68 | 2.42 | 0 | 16 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 1 | 0 |
| 11.3 | 2.24 | 2.31 | 1 | 20 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
| 11.4 | 1.97 | 3.26 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 18 | 3 | 0 |
| 11.5 | 1.82 | 2.39 | 3 | 10 | 14 | 2 | 12 | 2 | 0 |
| 11.6 | 1.90 | 2.53 | 0 | 12 | 4 | 3 | 13 | 1 | 0 |
| 11.7 | 1.93 | 3.10 | 2 | 14 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| 11.8 | 1.94 | 2.61 | 1 | 19 | 8 | 2 | 11 | 1 | 0 |
Issue 12. Consequences of Economic Growth.
| Action | Effect. | Practic. | Individ. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 12.1 | 1.91 | 2.79 | 2 | 21 | 8 | 22 | 7 | 4 | 0 |
| 12.2 | 1.73 | 2.47 | 8 | 22 | 25 | 5 | 15 | 3 | 0 |
| 12.3 | 2.09 | 3.28 | 8 | 8 | 22 | 2 | 11 | 7 | 0 |
| 12.4 | 2.17 | 2.48 | 13 | 9 | 21 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
| 12.5 | 1.79 | 2.61 | 4 | 27 | 11 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 0 |
| 12.6 | 1.73 | 2.63 | 1 | 42 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 0 |
| 12.7 | 2.00 | 3.42 | 5 | 13 | 18 | 1 | 12 | 4 | 0 |
Issue 13. Aging Nuclear Power Plants.
| Action | Effect. | Practic. | Indiv. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 13.1 | 1.80 | 2.94 | 1 | 18 | 5 | 8 | 17 | 1 | 0 |
| 13.2 | 2.12 | 3.38 | 4 | 14 | 5 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 1 |
| 13.3 | 2.10 | 3.23 | 4 | 14 | 6 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 0 |
| 13.4 | 2.15 | 2.94 | 3 | 19 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| 13.5 | 2.86 | 3.33 | 3 | 10 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 5 | 0 |
| 13.6 | 1.62 | 2.41 | 5 | 23 | 3 | 19 | 6 | 1 | 0 |
Issue 14. The HIV epidemic will continue to spread.
| Action | Effect. | Practic. | Individ. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 14.1 | 1.82 | 2.30 | 1 | 21 | 6 | 7 | 12 | 0 | 0 |
| 14.2 | 1.79 | 2.26 | 4 | 24 | 9 | 3 | 11 | 2 | 0 |
| 14.3 | 1.81 | 2.50 | 3 | 13 | 12 | 2 | 9 | 1 | 0 |
| 14.4 | 2.20 | 3.07 | 1 | 23 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 0 |
| 14.5 | 2.41 | 3.48 | 5 | 13 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0 |
| 14.6 | 2.06 | 2.44 | 4 | 16 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
| 14.7 | 2.64 | 3.78 | 0 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 0 |
Issue 15. Changing Work, Unemployment, Leisure, and Underemployment
| Action | Effect. | Practic. | Individ. | Gov. | NGO | Corp. | UN | Not clear | Other |
| 1 | 1.74 | 2.58 | 5 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 3 | 0 |
| 2 | 1.86 | 2.26 | 2 | 32 | 10 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 0 |
| 3 | 1.79 | 2.17 | 8 | 21 | 15 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 0 |
| 4 | 1.89 | 2.25 | 3 | 24 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 0 |
| 5 | 2.26 | 2.66 | 1 | 12 | 11 | 13 | 9 | 5 | 0 |
| 6 | 2.01 | 2.40 | 0 | 39 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| 7 | 2.29 | 2.40 | 12 | 9 | 14 | 5 | 12 | 1 | 0 |
| 8 | 2.31 | 3.05 | 2 | 15 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 2 | 0 |
| 9 | 2.00 | 2.56 | 2 | 16 | 9 | 8 | 19 | 1 | 0 |
| 10 | 2.00 | 2.36 | 10 | 9 | 20 | 2 | 9 | 1 | 0 |
| 11 | 2.27 | 3.03 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 1 |
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